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Cohesion (chemistry): the intermolecular attraction between like-molecules
Absorption is the incorporation of a substance in one state into another of a different state (e.g. liquids being absorbed by a solid or gases being absorbed by a liquid).
Filtration is a mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. Oversize solids in the fluid are retained, but the separation is not complete; solids will be contaminated with some fluid and filtrate will contain fine particles (depending on the pore size and filter thickness).
Distillation is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture.
Chlorination is the process of adding the element chlorine to water as a method of water purification to make it fit for human consumption as drinking water.
heterogenous is an adjective used to describe something derived from a differentindividual or species.
Ductility is a mechanical property used to describe the extent to which materials can be deformedplastically without fracture.
Malleability, a similar concept, refers to a material's ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the material's ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.

Brittleness A material is brittle if it is liable to fracture when subjected to stress. That is, it has little tendency to deform (or strain) before fracture.
Bapillarity, refers to certain phenomena associated with the behavior of liquids in thin tubes or in porous materials. Liquids, such as water, will tend to move "up-hill" (against the force of gravity) which does not normally occur in large containers. The interface between liquids, or a liquid and a gas, can form a meniscus or crescent shape.
Condensation is the change in the phase of matter from the gaseous phase (of an element/ chemical species) into liquid droplets or solid grains of the same element/ chemical species.
Diffusion describes the spread of particles through random motion from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration.
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3. It is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent odour.
tension is the magnitude of the pulling force exerted by a string, cable, chain, or similar object on another object. It is the opposite of compression. As tension is the magnitude of a force, it is measured in newtons (or sometimes pounds-force) and is always measured parallel to the string on which it applies.
The stratosphere (from the Latin stratus, meaning 'a spreading out') is the second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere.
An atmosphere (from Greek ἀτμός - atmos "vapor"[1] and σφαῖρα - sphaira "sphere"[2]) is a layer of gases that may surround a material body of sufficient mass,[3] by the gravity of the body, and are retained for a longer duration if gravity is high and the atmosphere's temperature is low. Someplanets consist mainly of various gases, but only their outer layer is their atmosphere (see gas giants).
The lithosphere is the rigid[1] outermost shell of a rocky planet. It comprises the crust and the portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of thousands of years or greater.
A hydrosphere in physical geography describes the combined mass of water found on, under, and over the surface of a planet
Matter is a general term for the substance of which all physical objects are made.[1][2] Typically, this includes atoms and other particleswhich have mass. However in practice there is no single correct scientific meaning; each field uses the term in different and often incompatible ways.
Proton is a subatomic particle with an electric charge of +1 elementary charge. It is found in the nucleus of each atom, along with neutrons, but is also stable by itself and has a second identity as the hydrogen ion, H+. It is composed of three fundamental particles: two up quarks and one down quark.[2]
Residue refers to the material remaining after a distillation or an evaporation, or to a portion of a larger molecule, such as a methyl group. It may also refer to the undesired byproducts of a reaction.
Precipitation is the formation of a solid in a solution or inside another solid during a chemical reaction or by diffusion in a solid.
Meniscus, plural: menisci/meniscuses, from the Greek for "crescent", is a curve in the surface of a molecular substance and is produced in response to the surface of the container or another object.
vapor (American spelling) or vapour (see spelling differences) is a substance in the gas phase at a temperature lower than its critical temperature.
emulsion (pronounced /ɨˈmʌlʃən/[1]) is a mixture of two or more immiscible (unblendable) liquids. Emulsions are part of a more general class of two-phase systems of matter called colloids.
colloid is a substance microscopically dispersed evenly throughout another one.
Friction is the force resisting the relative lateral (tangential) motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, or material elements in contact. It is usually subdivided into several varieties:
mass (from Ancient Greek: μᾶζα) commonly refers to any of three properties of matter, which have been shown experimentally to be equivalent: inertial mass, active gravitational mass and passive gravitational mass. In everyday usage,mass is often taken to mean weight, but in scientific use, they refer to different properties.
Sublimation is the transition of a substance from the solid phase to the gas phase without passing through an intermediate liquid phase. Sublimation is an endothermic phase transition that occurs at temperatures and pressures below a substance's triple point in its phase diagram.
Hygrometers are instruments used for measuring relative humidity. A simple form of a hygrometer is specifically known as a psychrometer and consists of two thermometers,
phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem (from Ancient Greek phyllo-, leaf; -taxis, motion/orientation).
Transpiration is a process similar to evaporation. It is the loss of water vapor from parts of plants(similar to sweating), especially in leaves but also in stems, flowers and roots. Leaf surfaces are dotted with openings called, collectively, stomata, and in most plants they are more numerous on the undersides of the foliage.
Girdling, also called ring barking or ring-barking, is the process of completely removing a strip of bark (consisting of Secondary Phloem tissue, cork cambium, and cork) around a tree's outer circumference, causing its death.
a genus (plural: genera) is a taxonomic unit (a taxon) used in the classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia.
Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula (C6H10O5)n, a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to over ten thousand β(1→4) linked D-glucose units.
Parthenogenesis (from the Greek παρθένος parthenos, "virgin", + γένεσις genesis, "creation" wink is a form of asexual reproduction found in females, where growth and development of embryos occurs without fertilization by a male. In plants, parthenogenesis means development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg cell, and is a component process of apomixis.
Crustaceans (Crustacea) form a very large group of arthropods, usually treated as a subphylum, which includes such familiar animals as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill and barnacles.
Arachnids are a class (Arachnida) of joint-legged invertebrate animals in the subphylumChelicerata.